Head of Tax Operations (f/m/d) at Upvest | Berlin

At Upvest, we are on a mission to simplify investing. We empower businesses to offer diverse investment products, ensuring the best experience in capital market investment and retirement planning. Our Investment API seamlessly integrates, allowing fintechs and financial institutions to focus on their core business while saving valuable resources.We proudly p…

Join Upvest as a Launch Intern and be part of a dynamic team that is driving innovation in the financial technology sector. This role offers you the opportunity to gain hands-on experience in launching cutting-edge products and services. You will work closely with the product and marketing teams to ensure a successful launch strategy.

At Upvest, our vision is to revolutionize the investment landscape, making it as effortless as everyday transactions. We provide businesses with the tools to offer a diverse array of investment products and an unparalleled user experience in capital market investments and retirement planning. Our Investment API is designed for seamless integration, enabling fintechs and financial institutions to optimize their resources and concentrate on their core business activities.We take pride in collaborating with Europe’s top fintechs and financial institutions, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Established in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest boasts a vibrant team of over 270 professionals from more than 70 nationalities. Our growth is fueled by leading investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.What You Will Be Doing:Contributing to a dynamic product team with extensive ownership and responsibilities.Utilizing state-of-the-art technologies, with a primary focus on Go, while enjoying a clean codebase. We welcome candidates with Go experience or those from a fintech background eager to transition to Go.Enhancing the reliability of our API systems.Delivering rapidly and consistently by leveraging an agile work methodology, including retrospectives and demos at the end of each two-week cycle.Designing, building, and owning event-driven, fault-tolerant, horizontally scalable distributed systems using a microservices architecture powered by Docker, Kubernetes, Kafka, and PostgreSQL.Preferred Qualifications:Experience with investment products or within the fintech sector.Familiarity with event-driven architectures, event streaming, and event sourcing systems.Experience in operating services within a decoupled, event-driven system, utilizing modern observability tools (e.g., monitoring and tracing).Success Factors for This Role:A genuine enthusiasm for fintech and building the financial infrastructure of the future.A collaborative spirit, with a focus on team success.

Upvest is hiring its first dedicated Procurement Manager in Berlin. This role will create a unified procurement function, moving the company from a fragmented approach to a coordinated, professional process. The Procurement Manager will oversee the full vendor lifecycle, from sourcing and technical evaluation through contract management and renewals. Reporting directly to the Head of Network, this position connects operational needs, financial discipline, and regulatory compliance. What you will do Establish and centralize procurement processes across the organization Manage all aspects of vendor relationships, including sourcing, technical assessments, and contract oversight through expiration or renewal Act as the single point of accountability for procurement decisions Work closely with operational, finance, and compliance teams to ensure alignment and efficiency Report to the Head of Network and contribute to shaping procurement strategy as Upvest grows Requirements Proven experience owning and improving procurement or vendor management processes Ability to build and run a centralized procurement function independently Strong communication skills for cross-team collaboration Comfort working with both operational details and regulatory requirements Motivation to drive change and deliver results in a growing company Location This position is based in Berlin.

At Upvest, we are dedicated to our mission of simplifying the investment process to match the ease of daily spending. Our platform empowers businesses to provide a diverse array of investment products and an unparalleled experience in capital market investments and retirement planning. With our user-friendly Investment API, fintech companies and financial institutions can seamlessly integrate solutions, allowing them to concentrate on their primary operations.We are proud to collaborate with leading fintechs and financial institutions in Europe, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Established in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest is comprised of over 270 skilled professionals from more than 70 nationalities. We are supported by prestigious investors including Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.

Location: Berlin (on-site required) Upvest develops technology designed to make investing as simple as everyday spending. Its Investment API enables fintechs and financial institutions to offer a broad selection of investment products, helping users access capital markets and retirement solutions. Clients include DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Since its founding in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest has grown to over 270 employees representing more than 70 nationalities. The company has secured €280M in funding from investors such as BlackRock, Tencent, Sapphire Ventures, Bessemer Venture Partners, Earlybird, Notion Capital, and Motive. In March 2026, Upvest raised €105M in a round led by Sapphire and Tencent to support its continued growth. Strategic Finance at Upvest The Strategic Finance team plays a central role in guiding Upvest’s key decisions. This group handles long-term planning, capital allocation, and performance analysis, turning company strategy into clear financial plans. Their work determines how resources are allocated, which projects advance, and how progress is measured. Strategic Finance works closely with the Executive Management Team and Board, blending detailed financial modeling with cross-functional collaboration to turn analysis into action. Role overview The Senior Strategic Finance Associate helps define Upvest’s long-term financial direction. This role leads planning cycles, maintains the company’s comprehensive financial model, and partners with leaders across departments to evaluate major initiatives and support disciplined capital allocation. Collaboration with the Risk team ensures financial strategy aligns with regulatory capital requirements. The Senior Strategic Finance Associate reports directly to the Head of Strategic Finance and works closely with Upvest’s Executive Management Team. This position is based in Berlin and requires on-site presence. While Upvest offers flexibility in general, this role is not available as a remote or hub-based position outside Berlin.

At Upvest, we are dedicated to our mission of simplifying investments to the level of everyday spending. We empower businesses to provide a comprehensive suite of investment products and the premier experience in capital market investment and retirement planning. Our Investment API is designed for seamless integration, allowing fintechs and financial institutions to optimize their resources and concentrate on their core operations.We take pride in collaborating with Europe’s top fintechs and financial institutions, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest unites a diverse team of over 270 talented professionals from more than 70 different nationalities. Our growth is supported by esteemed investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.As a Senior Account Manager (German speaking), you will take charge of the strategic expansion and enduring success of Upvest’s esteemed enterprise and fintech partners throughout Germany and Europe. Your role transcends mere account management; you will be the architect of long-lasting partnerships, facilitating our clients in fully harnessing the potential of our Investment API. By navigating intricate environments and devising tailored account strategies, you will create commercial value while serving as the primary advocate for our clients within the Upvest ecosystem.This role is inherently strategic and commercially focused. You will cultivate high-level relationships with key stakeholders, moving beyond daily inquiries to pinpoint expansion opportunities and ensure our product roadmap aligns with their business objectives. You will be the bridge connecting technical intricacies with business value, equipped with the natural charisma and domain knowledge necessary to manage high-stakes client environments with confidence and insight.The Account Management team is an essential component of the Client Impact department, where our focus is on consistently delivering sustainable value to our clients. You will collaborate with a high-performing team of specialists and work closely with stakeholders across the organization, including Product, Engineering, Growth, Legal, and Compliance.

About UsAt Upvest, we are dedicated to transforming the investment landscape, making it as effortless as everyday spending. We enable businesses to provide an extensive array of investment products and deliver unparalleled experiences in capital market investments and retirement planning. Our Investment API seamlessly integrates with fintech companies and financial institutions, allowing them to conserve resources and concentrate on their primary operations.We take pride in collaborating with Europe's foremost fintechs and financial institutions like DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest now boasts a talented team of over 270 professionals from more than 70 nationalities. Our journey is supported by prestigious investors including Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.Your RoleAs the People Operations Lead, you will spearhead a dynamic team responsible for ensuring that our people processes—from onboarding to offboarding—are compliant and operationally excellent across our hubs in Germany, Estonia, and the UK. You will proactively seek to automate manual tasks and harness AI to enhance decision-making and service delivery, enabling the People team to focus on what truly matters: our people.

At Upvest, we are driven by a vision to simplify investing as much as everyday spending. We empower businesses to deliver a diverse array of investment products while ensuring an exceptional experience in capital market investments and retirement planning. Our Investment API is designed for easy integration, enabling fintechs and financial institutions to conserve resources and concentrate on their primary operations.We take pride in collaborating with Europe’s top fintechs and financial institutions, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Established in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest has grown to encompass a talented team of over 270 professionals representing more than 70 nationalities. We are supported by prestigious investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.We frequently offer internships and working student positions in the following divisions:Strategy & Organization - Engage in high-impact projects with senior leadership, gaining insight into our products, clients, operations, and the banking ecosystem.Banking - Help accelerate growth by collaborating with various departments and working alongside leadership to devise a sustainable, forward-thinking risk strategy.Growth - Collaborate with cross-functional teams to boost Upvest's growth, enhance performance, and unlock new business opportunities.Operations - Partner with the Operations team to optimize processes, drive efficiency, and ensure flawless business execution.Product - Work closely with the Product team to design, develop, and launch impactful products for our partners.People - Collaborate with the People team to cultivate company culture, enhance employee experiences, and support organizational growth.How We Invest in YouImpactful Work: Join us in building the infrastructure that will shape the future of investing in Europe. Your work will involve modern technologies and contribute to groundbreaking projects. No outdated systems, no limitations.Wellbeing: Access to confidential professional coaching services.Competitive Compensation: We recognize that every Upvenger contributes to our success and deserves to be compensated fairly.Team Celebrations: Engage in company-wide events and team-building activities.

Upvest builds technology that helps businesses offer a wide range of investment products. The company’s Investment API allows fintechs and financial institutions to simplify their operations and focus on what they do best. Upvest works with leading names in the European financial sector, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing, the company has grown to over 270 team members from 70+ countries and has secured €280M in funding from investors such as BlackRock, Tencent, Sapphire Ventures, and others. The most recent funding round of €105M in March 2026 is fueling further growth. This Brokerage Operations Associate role is based in Berlin and centers on supporting daily capital markets operations. The position connects trade execution, compliance, and product development, helping to ensure smooth and compliant investment processes as Upvest expands its offerings. What you will do Order Management & Best Execution: Monitor trade executions and order flows each day, making sure client trades are processed accurately and efficiently, and that all activity follows Best Execution policies. Risk Management & Algorithmic Trading: Oversee automated and algorithmic trading, manage daily operational risks, resolve mismatches, and address trade-related incidents as they arise. Market Abuse Monitoring & Compliance: Continuously review trading activity for signs of market abuse. Prepare, review, and submit data for regulatory reporting, including MiFIR, MAR, and Best Execution requirements. Investment Universe Management: Maintain and expand the range of investment products across European and EMEA markets, ensuring all offerings comply with local regulations and operational standards. Trade Execution Operations: Handle daily processes related to trading, with a focus on execution workflows for equities, mutual funds, and ELTIFs (European Long-Term Investment Funds).

At Upvest, we are on a mission to simplify investing, making it as effortless as spending money. We empower businesses by providing an extensive suite of investment products and an exceptional experience in capital market investments and retirement planning. Our user-friendly Investment API allows fintech companies and financial institutions to conserve resources and concentrate on their core operations.Proudly collaborating with Europe’s leading fintechs and financial institutions such as DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin, Upvest was founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing. Today, we bring together over 270 talented professionals from more than 70 nationalities. Our vision is supported by renowned investors including Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.We are currently looking for a Strategy & Operations Lead to join our dynamic Operations team. In this pivotal role, you will spearhead strategic initiatives aimed at optimizing workflows, enhancing efficiency, and ensuring operational readiness. You will oversee daily operations, utilize data to implement significant improvements, and collaborate across departments to facilitate seamless product launches. Join us in our journey to elevate operational excellence.

At Upvest, we are committed to transforming the investment landscape by making investing as effortless as spending money. We empower businesses to provide a diverse array of investment products, delivering an unparalleled experience in capital market investment and retirement planning. Our innovative Investment API is designed for seamless integration, allowing fintechs and financial institutions to focus on their core operations while saving valuable resources.We take pride in our collaborations with leading fintechs and financial institutions throughout Europe, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest now boasts a team of over 270 skilled professionals from more than 70 nationalities, backed by prestigious investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.Your Responsibilities:Assist in the development and maintenance of a scalable compliance monitoring framework.Have the opportunity to design and implement innovative processes and monitoring solutions.Support your compliance team in liaising with both internal and external stakeholders.Collaborate closely with seasoned compliance professionals to gain invaluable hands-on experience in financial processes.Your Profile:Currently enrolled in a degree program focused on Economics, Law, or a related discipline.Proficient in both German and English, with excellent written and verbal communication skills.Demonstrate a strong sense of ownership and accountability.Show curiosity about the banking and fintech sectors, with a desire to learn about compliance and financial market regulations.Exhibit quick understanding, organizational skills, and a keen interest in process structuring.Preferred Qualifications:Previous experience in banking, investment firms, fintechs, or related fields (e.g., compliance, risk, audit) is a plus.What We Offer:Meaningful Impact: Join us in building the infrastructure that will shape the future of investing in Europe. You will work with cutting-edge technologies to create groundbreaking solutions, free from the constraints of legacy systems.Career Development: At Upvest, growth is integral to our identity. Each team member is encouraged to develop their skills and advance their career.

At Upvest, we are dedicated to simplifying the investment process, making it as effortless as everyday spending. Our platform enables businesses to provide a diverse array of investment products while delivering an exceptional experience for capital market investments and retirement planning. With Upvest’s intuitive Investment API, fintechs and financial institutions can seamlessly integrate solutions, conserving resources to concentrate on their core operations.We take pride in collaborating with Europe's premier fintechs and financial institutions, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest unites over 270 talented professionals from more than 70 nationalities. Our growth is supported by top-tier investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.In our accounting department, precise and comprehensive financial data drives our strategic decisions. As a working student, you will provide essential support to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of our operations.Your responsibilities will include assisting with invoice recognition and tracking, ensuring invoices are accurately categorized. You will facilitate approval workflows, directing invoices to the relevant stakeholders, and follow up on outstanding invoices, working closely with suppliers and internal teams for prompt resolution. Additionally, you will undertake various administrative tasks that enhance the overall effectiveness of the accounting team.

Upvest seeks an Outsourcing Business Owner to guide and oversee outsourcing efforts from the Berlin office. This role manages partnerships with external providers and keeps daily outsourced operations running smoothly and efficiently. Key responsibilities Build and maintain strong relationships with outsourcing partners Supervise outsourced activities to ensure consistent quality and efficiency Develop and update the company’s outsourcing approach Work closely with both internal colleagues and external teams to improve operations Location This position is based in Berlin.

At Upvest, we are dedicated to transforming investment into a seamless experience. Our mission is to empower businesses to deliver a diverse range of investment products, enhancing the user experience in capital market investment and retirement planning. Our Investment API is designed for easy integration, allowing fintech companies and financial institutions to concentrate on their core operations while we handle the complexities of investment.We take pride in our collaborations with Europe’s top fintechs and financial institutions like DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Established in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest has grown to include over 270 skilled professionals from more than 70 nationalities. Our growth is supported by renowned investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.Key Responsibilities:Oversee the settlement and transfer operations of Upvest across various markets.Serve as the subject matter expert for managing clearing, settlement, and transfer processes related to PEAs in the French market.Establish strong relationships with client operational teams to assist them with PEA-related inquiries.Contribute to the development of a top-tier product offering.Enhance workflows and aid in the implementation of automation and AI to optimize the French client experience.Design and propose operational enhancements while ensuring compliance with regulatory standards and internal policies to mitigate risks and support secure operations.Collaborate with Product, Engineering, Compliance, Treasury, and other departments to facilitate efficient processes and tackle challenges as they arise.Engage in projects focused on scaling our French settlement and transfer operations.Track key metrics related to settlement and transfers, providing insights to inform business strategies and enhance performance.

At Upvest, our goal is to revolutionize the investment landscape by making it as simple as spending money. We empower businesses to deliver a diverse array of investment products while ensuring optimal user experiences in capital markets and retirement planning. Our Investment API is designed for seamless integration, allowing fintechs and financial institutions to conserve resources and focus on their core operations.We take pride in collaborating with Europe's top fintechs and financial institutions, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest has grown to include over 270 skilled professionals from over 70 nationalities. We are supported by prominent investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.We are searching for passionate fintech advocates to help us shape the financial infrastructure of the future. Our aim is to establish the leading partner ecosystem in the investment infrastructure sector by collaborating with top-tier companies across various segments, including strategy consultants, systems integrators, fund issuers, and solutions providers that enhance our product offerings. The partnerships team was launched in 2025, and we are quickly expanding our reach within key partner segments to provide our clients with cutting-edge end-to-end investment solutions.Grow Our Partnerships EcosystemYour approachable and proactive attitude will help us expand our partnership network. You will actively identify and evaluate potential high-impact partners, articulate our value proposition for various partner categories, and nurture strong relationships with key stakeholders at priority partner organizations. Additionally, you will spearhead the negotiation of collaboration agreements with our partners.Implementing the Partnerships StrategyAs a vital member of our growing team, you will play an essential role in executing our partnership strategy. With your strong execution capabilities, attention to detail, and structured approach, you will oversee the daily operations of the partnership strategy. Serving as the primary point of contact for our partners, you will manage their journey from onboarding and enablement to quarterly goal setting and technical integrations. Furthermore, you will collaborate with the Marketing team to communicate our partnership success stories to the market.

Upvest is looking for an AI Enablement Specialist (f/m/d) based in Berlin. This position focuses on applying artificial intelligence expertise across the company, with a goal of improving both our products and the way users interact with them. The role involves working alongside colleagues from various departments to move AI initiatives forward. What you will do Collaborate with cross-functional teams to implement AI-driven strategies Contribute to the design and refinement of product features using AI Develop solutions aimed at enhancing user experience and delivering value to clients Requirements Solid understanding of AI technologies, especially as they apply to finance Keen interest in artificial intelligence and its real-world uses Strong collaboration and communication skills with teams from diverse backgrounds

At Upvest, we are dedicated to transforming investing into a seamless experience, akin to spending money. We empower businesses to provide an extensive array of investment products while delivering unparalleled experiences in capital market investments and retirement planning. Our Investment API is designed for effortless integration, enabling fintechs and financial institutions to optimize their resources and concentrate on their primary business objectives.We proudly collaborate with Europe’s premier fintechs and financial institutions, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin. Founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing, Upvest brings together a diverse team of over 270 professionals from more than 70 nationalities. Our growth is supported by distinguished investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.As a Senior Launch Manager, you will take charge of onboarding leading fintechs and financial institutions across Europe to Upvest’s Investment API. You will oversee comprehensive client launches, facilitating smooth integration across technology, operations, and compliance areas. By standardizing processes and implementing best practices, you will enhance the efficiency and speed of onboarding. Launch Managers are integral to our operations, serving as the vital link between our clients and our platform, leveraging deep product knowledge, exceptional problem-solving abilities, and natural charisma.Your role transcends traditional project management - you will cultivate strong, enduring client relationships and establish new benchmarks for collaborative success. By gaining insights into clients' needs, you will ensure their launches are not only successful but also timely and aligned with their business objectives. Your leadership will promote interdepartmental collaboration, guaranteeing an exceptional experience for our clients.The Launch team is a vital component of the Upvest Client Impact department, committed to delivering value to our clients on a daily basis. You will work alongside some of the most skilled and results-oriented project managers, collaborating with stakeholders across the organization from Product to Growth, Compliance, and Data.

Join Upvest, where we aim to revolutionize investment accessibility, making it as seamless as everyday spending. Our innovative Investment API allows businesses to offer a diverse array of investment products while enhancing capital market investment and retirement planning experiences.As one of Europe's leading fintechs, Upvest provides a comprehensive suite of investment opportunities for our B2B clients, spanning principal broking, proprietary trading, and secure custody for traditional securities. Founded in 2017 by Martin Kassing, we have expanded to over 240 employees across Europe, supported by a recent €100 million Series C funding round led by Hedosophia and Sapphire Ventures, along with esteemed existing investors such as Bessemer Venture Partners and BlackRock.With our headquarters in Berlin and additional hubs in Tallinn and London, we embrace a hybrid work model, allowing flexibility with regular travel to Berlin.The OpportunityAt Upvest, reliability is not just a metric; it's the cornerstone of our growth. As we rapidly scale, we are committed to establishing a dedicated Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) function aimed at continuously enhancing our reliability standards. This is your opportunity to redefine what exceptional reliability entails for a high-growth fintech leader.You will have the autonomy to create a reliability culture, establish standards, and implement practices that will guide us through our next phase of expansion. If you've ever envisioned building an SRE practice from the ground up, now is your moment.The RoleYour mission as the SRE Lead will focus on prevention rather than reaction. You will be a blend of technical visionary and organizational innovator, integrating reliability into our development processes. Collaborating closely with engineering teams, you will enhance observability and resilience while creating frameworks that enable us to operate swiftly without sacrificing stability. Rather than owning services, your role will be to elevate those who do.Your influence will extend to shaping engineering leaders' perspectives on reliability, guiding product managers in balancing features with stability, and defining what it means to be 'production-ready' across the organization. You will lead and mentor a talented team of 2 to 4 SREs, fostering a culture of excellence that amplifies our impact.

At Upvest, we are dedicated to transforming the investment landscape, making it as simple as spending money. We empower businesses to provide a diverse range of investment products while ensuring an unparalleled experience in capital market investments and retirement planning. Our Investment API is designed for seamless integration, allowing fintechs and financial institutions to optimize their resources and concentrate on their core operations.Proud partners of Europe's leading fintechs and financial institutions, including DKB, Revolut, N26, and Raisin, Upvest was established in 2017 by Martin Kassing. Today, we are home to over 270 talented professionals representing more than 70 nationalities, backed by prestigious investors such as Hedosophia, Sapphire, Bessemer Venture Partners, BlackRock, Earlybird, HV Capital, Notion Capital, and Motive Ventures.We embrace ambitious growth and view compliance and risk management as vital components of our success story. This role is pivotal in protecting our growth trajectory and ensuring we scale effectively.We are searching for a passionate anti-financial crime compliance specialist who perceives regulations not as obstacles, but as frameworks that propel us forward. If you are adept at problem-solving and eager to make a tangible impact, this position could be your next significant career move. The role is based in Berlin, with occasional travel within the EU and UK.What is the purpose of this role in the delivery of our mission?As part of a dedicated team of three, you will implement our AML compliance framework and guide broader AML processes across various business functions including product, operations, and growth.You will play a crucial role in safeguarding our organization against financial crime while upholding the highest standards of regulatory compliance and operational integrity.What you’ll do:Regulatory Obligations: Ensure comprehensive compliance with all local, national, and international AML laws, regulations, and guidelines. This includes staying informed about evolving regulatory landscapes and proactively updating internal policies and procedures. You will be expected to assume AML Officer responsibilities for our Germany and EU branches and liaise with regulators, auditors, and other stakeholders.